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The National Stuttering Association® (NSA)  is proud to be the largest stuttering support organization in the world — but we are not alone in this mission. Around the globe, countless organizations are dedicated to supporting people who stutter (PWS), their families, and the professionals who work with them. From specialized therapy programs and advocacy networks to youth camps and online communities, these associations share one goal: to empower people who stutter to speak freely, connect deeply, and live authentically. Below is a collection of national and international stuttering organizations and resources  that offer education, community, and inspiration. Please note that this is not a complete list, but rather a sampling of the many incredible groups doing this work. U.S.-Based Stuttering Organizations American Board of Fluency and Fluency Disorders (ABFFD) Speech-language pathologists who hold Board Certification in Fluency Disorders (BCS-F)  have completed advanced training and clinical experience in working with people who stutter. You can find a list of certified specialists at stutteringspecialists.org . American Institute for Stuttering (AIS) With offices in New York City  and Atlanta, GA , AIS provides individualized and group therapy in-person and online. Their approach integrates avoidance reduction, mindfulness, stuttering modification, and cognitive-behavioral principles. They also offer one-week immersion programs and themed workshops. Financial assistance is available for clients in need. stutteringtreatment.org American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) ASHA is the national professional association for speech-language pathologists and audiologists. Its Special Interest Division 4: Fluency and Fluency Disorders  is dedicated to advancing research, education, and treatment for stuttering. asha.org A Free Voice Founded in 2018, A Free Voice  is a U.S.-based nonprofit led by people who stutter and others with speech differences. Through local workshops and public awareness campaigns, it aims to challenge stigma, promote acceptance, and build understanding. AFreeVoice.org FRIENDS: The National Association of Young People Who Stutter FRIENDS creates a loving, empowering space for children and teens who stutter, their families, and speech-language pathologists. Programs include annual conferences, regional workshops, and parent support sessions. friendswhostutter.org SAY: The Stuttering Association for the Young SAY’s mission is to empower young people who stutter and inspire the world to listen with compassion and respect. SAY offers creative arts programs, summer camps, and storytelling opportunities where every voice is valued. say.org Spero Stuttering Spero provides education, advocacy, and community engagement to support individuals and families affected by stuttering. Their focus includes equipping professionals with resources to better serve the stuttering community. sperostuttering.org Stuttering Foundation of America (SFA) The SFA offers free resources, books, videos, and educational materials for people who stutter and professionals. It also supports research and advocacy efforts aimed at understanding and destigmatizing stuttering. stutteringhelp.org International Stuttering Organizations British Stammering Association (BSA) Also known as Stamma , the British Stammering Association is the leading UK organization run by and for people who stammer. It provides advocacy, community programs, and a national helpline. stammering.org Canadian Stuttering Association (CSA) CSA is a volunteer-driven nonprofit that promotes awareness, education, and support for people who stutter and their families across Canada. stutter.ca International Stuttering Association (ISA) The ISA unites stuttering associations from around the world to foster understanding, share resources, and collaborate on initiatives like International Stuttering Awareness Day (ISAD) . stutterisa.org Philippine Stuttering Association (PSA) The Philippine Stuttering Association  is a nonprofit community dedicated to promoting acceptance, education, and awareness for people who stutter in the Philippines. Through workshops, support meetings, and outreach, PSA provides safe spaces for individuals and families to connect and share their experiences. facebook.com/PhilippineStutteringAssociation Lebanese Stuttering Association (LSA) The Lebanon Stuttering Association , (an affiliate of the National Stuttering Association) supports people who stutter and their families throughout Lebanon. The organization promotes stuttering awareness, peer connection, and advocacy through both in-person and virtual programs, helping individuals build confidence and find community. Online Communities, Podcasts & Personal Projects Make Room for the Stuttering / Women Who Stutter: Our Stories Created by a person who stutters, this blog and podcast explore the many ways stuttering intersects with identity, resilience, and empowerment. Women Who Stutter: Our Stories  provides a unique space for women to share their experiences and voices. stutterrockstar.com Passing Twice A supportive network for LGBTQIA+ people who stutter and their allies. Passing Twice  builds community through shared stories, online discussions, and annual meetups. passingtwice.org StutterTalk A long-running podcast that features open, honest conversations about stuttering. The hosts—people who stutter themselves—interview community members, experts, and advocates around the world. stuttertalk.com Stutter Social An innovative online community that connects people who stutter through virtual hangouts. Participants meet via video to practice communication, share stories, and form lasting friendships. stuttersocial.com Stuttering may be a shared experience, but each person’s journey is unique. Whether you’re searching for a therapist, peer group, or advocacy network, these organizations offer meaningful opportunities to connect, learn, and grow. The National Stuttering Association®  encourages you to explore these resources, find a community that feels right for you, and remember: if you stutter, you are not alone. Visit WeStutter.org  to find an NSA Chapter near you or join one of our virtual support meetings today.

Active & Previously Approved Stuttering Research Studies These research studies have been reviewed and approved by the NSA Research Committee. You can learn more about each study and how you can contribute. Active Stuttering Research Studies Research Title Researcher(s) Expires Audiovisual Integration in People Who Stutter Dr. David Jenson 6/22/2026 Systematic client feedback in speech-language treatment Dr. Kerry Ebert 6/5/2026 An online compassionate imagery intervention for people who stutter/stammer: A feasibility study Benjamin Farmer 9/30/2025 Genetic and metabolic bases of developmental stuttering Dr. Joan Orpella 6/22/2026 Linguistic preferences in adults who stutter Dr. Mahmoud Elsherif 10/16/2026 Development of authentic avatars for clinical education in stuttering Dr. Shelley Brundage 6/5/2026 Social Anxiety, Worry, and the Experience of Stuttering Dr. Seth Tichenor 6/5/2026 Network Connectivity and Temporal Processing in Adolescents Who Stutter Dr. Shanley Treleaven 2/23/2026 Stuttering Mindsets   Megan Arney 10/28/2025 Hope, Humor & Self-Stigma in Adults Who Stutter   Dr. Laura Plexico 10/22/2025 Sequencing & Initiation in Speech Production   Dr. Frank Guenther 10/22/2025 Real-Time Listener Reactions & Stuttering Courtney Margulis 10/22/2025 Parent Survey: Preschoolers Who Stutter   Ryan Millager 10/22/2025 AI Accessibility for People Who Stutter Dr. J. Scott Yaruss 6/17/2025 Impact of Support Group Conferences on Teens Joy Kling 6/16/2025 Social Network Analysis in Adults Who Stutter Dr. Naomi Rodgers 6/14/2025 Quantifying Variability in Stuttering in the Real World Dr. J. Scott Yaruss 6/14/2025 Listener Perception and Childhood Stuttering Haley Warner 5/01/2025 If you have any questions about the research process or would like to know more about a specific project, please contact the NSARC Chair Angela Medina, Ph.D., CCC-SLP . Previously Approved Recruitment Projects (2022–2024) Research Title Researcher(s) Approved Until Rhythm Production and Processing in Children and Adults Who Stutter Janina Boecher 10/22/2024 Exploring Sensorimotor and Interoceptive Awareness in Stuttering Hazel Malcolm 10/22/2024 Multiple Stigmas, Social Identities, and Stuttering Dr. James Mancinelli 10/22/2024 Temporal Processing in Adults Who Stutter Samira Anderson 10/22/2024 Parents of Individuals Who Stutter: Experiences & Stages of Change Sadaf Salehi 10/22/2024 Acknowledging Stuttering with Preschoolers Dr. Cara Singer 10/22/2024 Social Isolation and the Experience of Stuttering Seth Tichenor 10/22/2024 Transitions to Life After High School Dr. Naomi Rodgers 06/22/2024 Migrants to the U.S. Who Stutter Dr. Victoria Reynolds 06/20/2024 Effectiveness of a Mindfulness App Juhee Kim 06/20/2024 Variability in Fluency and Psychological Impact Eddie Brown 06/19/2024 Trait Mindfulness and the Experience of Stuttering Megan Arney 06/19/2024 Anticipation of Stuttering and the PAiS Robert Bies 02/22/2024 Understanding the Experience of Stuttering and Cluttering Dr. J. Scott Yaruss 06/14/2024 Neural Oscillations and Speech Perception in Stuttering Dr. Shanley Treleaven 06/20/2024 What Do People Who Stutter Want From Speech Therapy?   Matthew Phillips 07/24/2024   Linguistic and Cognitive Factors in Stuttering Dr. Zoi Gkalitsiou 02/22/2024 Spanish-Language Support Group Study Dr. Angela Medina 02/14/2024 Fluency and Flow Study   Dr. Jeanne Nakamura 10/06/2023 LGBTQ+ Perspectives on Stuttering Dr. James Mancinelli 10/06/2023 Attentional Bias and Control in Adults Who Stutter Dr. Katerina Ntourou 10/06/2023 Articulatory Characteristics of Stuttering Ms. Yijing Lu 08/19/2023 Designing Community Resource Interactions Jeremy Huang 07/28/2023 Phonological Performance in Children Who Stutter   Roa’a Al-Sulaiman 02/21/2023 Information Processing in Speakers Who Stutter Dr. Naomi Eichorn 12/02/2022 Mindfulness and Compassion in People Who Stutter Dr. Michael Boyle 10/11/2022 Managing Stuttering During Job Interviews   Ms. Charity Yarzebinski 10/10/2022 Stuttering and Emotion in Daily Lives Ms. Xiaofan Lei 07/15/2022 Language Production in Adults Who Stutter Dr. Si On Yoon 06/02/2022 Temporal Dynamics of Stuttered Speech Dr. Eric Jackson 06/02/2022 Pseudo-stuttering Assignments for SLP Students Ms. Ammaarah 03/23/2022 Stuttering Severity Instrument—Fifth Edition Dr. Melissa Morey 03/16/2022 Aging and Quality of Life in Adults Who Stutter Dr. Nathan Maxfield 03/16/2022 Intersectionality of Stuttering in U.S. Latinos Ms. Carolina Beita-Ell 03/16/2022 Client Perceptions of Stuttering Therapy Mr. Samuel Moses 03/16/2022 LGBTQ+ Experiences of People Who Stutter Dr. Derek Daniels 03/16/2022 For any questions about research, or to learn more about specific projects, please contact the NSARC Chair Angela Medina, Ph.D., CCC-SLP .

How families talk about stuttering—whether intentional or not—shapes how children who stutter feel about their voices, their worth, and their ability to communicate. If there’s one thing children are good at, it’s internalizing (even when something has nothing to do with them, such as divorce). So if a child repeatedly hears or sees from others, even implicitly, that stuttering is bad, that it’s something to fix or hide, they may begin to internalize feelings and beliefs of shame and defectiveness. This can lead to anxiety, complete avoidance, or overwhelming reluctance to speak in certain situations for the sake of self-preservation.  On the other hand, if stuttering is treated as a natural part of a child's speech, they can begin to feel confident in who they are. This can help develop healthy internal narratives around stuttering and encourage them to speak up in all situations.  Reframing how we talk about stuttering is a significant first step toward creating a more supportive home environment. Here’s how to start.  Affirming Language You Can Use Small but mindful shifts in language can significantly impact your child who stutters for the better. Affirming phrases tell them they are valued and supported as a person, regardless of how quickly they speak. Here are some examples: “Take a deep breath.” → “I’m listening. Take your time.” “Slow down.” → “Thanks for sharing that with me.” “You stuttered, let’s try that again.” → “That was a great thought.” “You don’t have to talk.” → “You’re welcome to speak however you like.” “When Liam speaks with strangers, I will nod along as he talks, which signals to him that he’s OK. If people finish his sentence for him, I’ll often say, ‘Hm, maybe. Liam, is that what you wanted to say?’ By asking curiously, it cues the listener that maybe he didn’t get to say what he intended and gently points out that they interrupted him.” — Katie Aus, mother of Liam, a 13-year-old person who stutters You are your child’s biggest role model and example. You are showing them how they should be treated. These phrases communicate patience and respect. They help children understand that their voice is welcome in all conversations. Building a Supportive Communication Environment A truly supportive environment isn’t defined by fluency—it’s rooted in building confidence and fostering meaningful communication. And that kind of environment matters everywhere: at home, in the workplace, among friends, and beyond.  Here are some strategies to help create safe and empathetic communication at home: Model calm conversation. When conversations feel calm and unhurried, it can be easier for your child to participate without feeling rushed to respond. Practice full-body listening. Give your child your full attention. Maintain eye contact, nod, and show that you are engaged. Avoid interrupting or finishing their sentences as much as possible.  Celebrate ideas, not delivery. Focus on what your child says. Express interest in their ideas, observations, and stories without commenting on how they speak. Avoid praising them for their fluency. Validate the emotions. If your child appears frustrated or upset, acknowledge and validate that. Say things like “That sounded hard” or “I understand that was frustrating for you” without immediately trying to fix it. Stuttering can, and often does, affect more than just someone’s speech. It may impact how a child relates to peers and how they express themselves in different situations. Your consistent support can build their emotional resilience and self-trust, which are absolute must-have traits for anyone who stutters. “Connecting Liam with the NSA through the Annual Conference has had the biggest impact on his becoming more comfortable with his speech. I often remind him that just like he had never met anyone who stuttered before the Conference, when people interact with him, he might be the first person they’ve met who stutters. I remind him that it’s normal for people to be curious and to use their questions to tell people what he’d like them to know about stuttering.” — Katie Aus What If You Stutter Too? Some parents of children who stutter are people who stutter themselves. If that’s you, you may carry your own memories of struggle, shame, or being totally misunderstood. You may still be working through those feelings and memories—and that’s actually completely normal. Your experience is valuable. If you feel ready, sharing your story with your child can be extremely helpful in helping them feel less alone in their stuttering experience. It also models self-acceptance and can create a strong foundation of shared understanding.  “I grew up surrounded by stuttering in my family—both my dad and my brother stutter. Because of that, I never felt completely alone in my experience. My family always reminded me that I was more than my stutter and that it didn’t define my abilities. I also learned from them that I am an effective communicator, even if I don’t sound like the ‘typical’ speaker. That support helped me embrace my voice with pride and confidence.” — Glorida Urrego, a person who stutters You don't need to have everything figured out to be a great parent! Being open and willing to grow matters more than you know. “I’m a parent who stutters and the mother of a 4-year-old boy. Stuttering isn’t something we’ve had a big conversation about—it’s just a natural part of who I am. Sometimes he corrects me, and that’s okay. I simply tell him, ‘That’s how Mommy talks.’ I don’t feel the need to point it out or label it—he understands that my stutter is just one piece of me. My hope is that through this, he learns empathy, patience, and compassion for others.” — Dana Koprowski, a parent who stutters What Matters Most Children who stutter do not need perfect words. They need people who listen. They need to know that they are safe to speak as they are. They need to know that their thoughts are worth hearing and that the worth of their voice is not defined by fluency. “I create a sheet for his teachers with ways they can help him be successful in school. In the younger grades, we did little gifts for his classmates who advocated for him. He had an IEP when he was in public school and I made sure that all of his accommodations were included and focused on acceptance instead of strategies.” — Katie Aus Reframing how stuttering is talked about at home is one of the most impactful steps a parent can take. It turns communication into a space of belonging. You have the power to make that difference.  The National Stuttering Association (NSA)  supports you every step of the way. Click here for helpful information about stuttering and tailored resources for parents and families!

Dear Friends, I do not stutter, but I want to start by saying how proud I am to stand alongside people who do. Being an ally is about more than saying the right words. It is about listening with patience, learning with an open mind, and showing up with respect and care. What I Have Learned as an Ally Before connecting with the National Stuttering Association, I thought stuttering was simply about speech. What I have learned since is that it is about people. It is about real lives, real stories, and the ways stuttering shapes but never defines someone. I now understand that the biggest challenge is not stuttering itself but the way the world often responds to it. Stuttering awareness has opened my eyes to how important community and understanding are. Being an ally for people who stutter means creating space, celebrating every voice, and supporting communication confidence in everyday life. Why Small Acts of Support Matter I have seen how harmful impatience, quick judgments, or finishing someone else’s sentence can feel. I have also seen how much difference small acts of kindness can make. Waiting without rushing, giving someone space to finish, and truly listening sends the message that every voice matters. These simple choices carry so much meaning. They say, “I see you. I hear you. You belong here.” Supporting people who stutter in daily life does not take grand gestures. It takes everyday awareness, patience, and compassion. A Message to People Who Stutter To the people who stutter, I want to say thank you. Thank you for your courage, your honesty, and for sharing your stories. You remind me that communication is never about speed or perfection. It is about connection, authenticity, and heart. Words do not lose their power when they take time. If anything, they gain it. Every pause and repetition carries intention and strength. You show the world that being an effective communicator is not about fluency, it is about being yourself. A Message to Fellow Allies To other allies, our role is not to speak for people who stutter. Our role is to stand beside them, to listen, to celebrate, and to create spaces where their voices can thrive. Whether that is in the classroom, the workplace, a social setting, or even in our own homes, we can all help build a world where stuttering is met with understanding instead of judgment. Being an ally for the stuttering community is not complicated. It is about being present, being patient, and being supportive. These are choices anyone can make, and they can change someone’s day or even their life. Why the NSA Community Matters I am grateful for the National Stuttering Association because it has opened my eyes and given me a place to learn. It has shown me the importance of community and how much impact an ally can make just by showing up with compassion. The NSA reminds us that no one who stutters should ever feel alone. It brings together people who stutter, their families, speech-language pathologists, and allies, creating a community built on strength, support, and belonging. Being an ally is an ongoing journey of learning, growing, and showing up with an open heart. To my friends who stutter, please know you are valued exactly as you are. To my fellow allies, remember that our presence and support can help make every space more welcoming and inclusive. With gratitude and friendship,  A friend who does not stutter

Contributors: Nicole Kulmaczewski and Jacqueline Toscano At the National Stuttering Association (NSA), our mission is to provide valuable resources and steadfast support to SLPs who play a crucial role in the lives of people who stutter (PWS). Addressing stuttering can be complex, and SLPs may sometimes feel uncertain about their ability to assist both children and adults who stutter. That’s where the NSA can help! We offer support groups, events, and educational resources specifically designed to empower SLPs with the knowledge and tools they need to effectively work with individuals who stutter. Annual Conference The NSA’s Annual Conference is a premier gathering that brings together hundreds of people who stutter, their families, and SLPs. It’s an opportunity to immerse yourself in a supportive community, gain new information, find encouragement, and gain fresh perspectives. SLPs can also attend continuing education sessions and clinician-focused workshops to earn ASHA CEUs. Each year, the NSA hosts a Professional Development Event (PDE) as part of the Annual Conference, offering an in-depth learning experience for speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Participants can earn up to 0.9 ASHA CEUs while exploring evidence-based strategies for assessment, treatment, and IEP development. Through case studies and interactive sessions led by experts, SLPs gain practical tools to help children and teens who stutter build resilience, confidence, and authentic communication skills. Professional Development Stay informed with the latest information, studies, and insights to enrich your practice and elevate the quality of care you provide. Our professional development resources are designed to keep you at the forefront of your field. The NSA’s Professional Relations Committee offers free in-service presentations for SLPs, available via Zoom for schools, clinics, and other professional settings. These sessions provide practical tools and up-to-date insights to better support people who stutter in educational and clinical environments. The committee also hosts quarterly NSA Connects sessions, designed specifically for SLPs to exchange ideas, share experiences, and strengthen their professional community. For more information or to schedule an in-service, contact Courtney Luckman at Courtney@WeStutter.org . Research Collaboration Join us in advancing the field of stuttering research. Collaborate with the NSA to contribute to and benefit from our ongoing research initiatives. Together, we can shape the future of stuttering intervention, support, and advocacy. Learn more about the NSA’s role in stuttering research. Local Events The NSA hosts various local events throughout the year, including 1-Day Conferences, fundraisers, and social gatherings. These events bring together PWS of all ages, their families, and SLPs for learning, support, and growth. Find an event near you! Explore Local Chapters Discover a thriving network of local support groups for adults, families, kids, and teens through NSA Chapters. SLPs are welcome at chapter meetings! These groups provide a platform for enhancing self-confidence, building social connections, gaining fresh perspectives on managing stuttering, and mutual empowerment. Find your local chapter today! At the National Stuttering Association, we are more than just a community; we are a supportive network dedicated to uplifting the stuttering community. Join us in creating a world where everyone who stutters can communicate with confidence and embrace their unique voices. Helpful Resources Learn About Stuttering Stuttering Explained Causes of Stuttering Treatment for Stuttering Facts about Stuttering Myths about Stuttering Therapy And Support Find a Speech Therapist Advice on Selecting the Right Therapist for Your Child Speech Therapy in School IEP Information Information for Educators Information for Pediatricians Navigating Insurance Complaint Resolution Policy for Continuing Education Services

Understanding the IEP Process The Individualized Education Plan (IEP) process is essential for children who stutter to receive appropriate support in school. An IEP is developed through a thorough evaluation of the child's needs by school professionals. It includes specific goals and accommodations to support the child's educational progress. Transitioning from Elementary to Middle School As kids transition from elementary school to middle school, it's crucial for parents to ensure their child's speech therapy model adapts accordingly. Here are some tips: Early Advocacy:  Parents should get to know their school Speech-Language Pathologist (SLP) early and advocate for their child effectively. Education:  Learn as much as possible about stuttering to be an informed advocate. Teamwork:  Work collaboratively with the SLP, sharing information and discussing available treatments. The Importance of Annual IEP Reviews The IEP is reviewed annually to assess the child's progress and set goals for the next year. Ideally, this review includes both the elementary and middle school SLPs and teachers. A second transition meeting before or just after the start of middle school can help address changes in the child's stuttering and set appropriate goals for the new school year. Transitioning from Middle School to High School The transition to high school is different, as students are more mature and seek independence. Here are some tips: Involvement:  Teens should be actively involved in decisions about their therapy and goals. Support:  Parents can encourage and advise, but the teen's choices should be respected. Introduction:  Arrange a meeting with the high school SLP to discuss the student's interests, activities, and concerns about stuttering. How Often is an IEP Reviewed? IEPs are reviewed annually and progress is reported quarterly. Goals must be measurable, and progress should be documented. The IEP can carry over to the next school year, but it must be renewed before the end of 12 months. Each school district has procedures for managing student files, which may vary. The Role of Home Practice The emphasis on home practice depends on the child's age and therapy goals. For young children not yet working on speech fluency, home practice may not be necessary. For school-age children, some home practice can support generalization and help parents understand therapy. For adolescents, emphasis on fluency techniques may not be helpful. Instead, parents should focus on communication and provide a supportive environment. Identifying Outdated or Ineffective Therapy Models Effective treatment for children who stutter should balance fluency with goals for improving communication and reducing the burden of stuttering. If therapy focuses solely on fluency, it may be inappropriate. Parents and clinicians should ensure that therapy goals address the child's entire experience of stuttering. Conclusion Navigating the IEP process and ensuring appropriate support for children who stutter requires collaboration between parents, SLPs, and teachers. By understanding the IEP process, advocating effectively, and focusing on balanced therapy goals, parents can help their children thrive in their educational journey. For more information on stuttering and support resources, visit our Learn About Stuttering  page.

Part of the NSA’s ® mission is to spread awareness and education on stuttering, and one of the ways we accomplish this is via printable materials.  Please feel free to print and share* these PDF files with family members, friends, classmates, co-workers, and professionals! Stuttering Disclosure ID Card We know navigating certain situations—like a traffic stop, airport security, or a fast-paced interaction—can feel even more stressful when you 're a person who stutters. That’s why the National Stuttering Association developed a Stuttering Disclosure Card—a simple, effective way to communicate that you stutter in moments where explanations might be difficult. Whether you use it in high-pressure situations or everyday conversations, this card is designed to support self-advocacy and ensure you're understood on your own terms. Click here for Spanish Version General Information What Employers Should Know Information for Allies Stuttering: So Much Can Be Done Notes to Listeners Navigating Insurance Stuttering vs. Cluttering Stuttering vs. Tourettes Information for Families Helping Children Who Stutter Helping Parents of Children Who Stutter Classroom Presentation Accommodation Scripts For Middle/High School Students A template for students to request simple classroom accommodations and start a supportive conversation with their teachers. Accommodation Script For College Students This email template helps college students who stutter request classroom accommodations in a clear, respectful, and confident way. Information for Professionals Answers for Educators Answers for Educators (Spanish) SLP Resources: Helping Children Who Stutter Stuttering and Fluency Assessment for Teachers Stuttering: What Employers Should Know Pediatricians and Family Physicians Medical Professionals as Allies Stuttering and the Military Request Flexible Accommodations at Work Request flexible accommodations at work. Use these email templates to communicate stuttering to HR, your boss, or your colleagues! Interview Follow-Up Email Scripts Templates to help you follow up after an interview. Use them to reinforce your strengths, clarify misunderstandings, or address potential biases. Even if you don’t get the job, it’s a chance to leave a strong impression and ask for feedback. *For personal use only. Please contact us for distribution details or for large quantities of print brochures.

Every student deserves to feel valued, heard, and supported in the classroom—including those who stutter. Stuttering is a natural variation in speech that affects about 1% of the global population, yet misconceptions and stigma around it persist. Teachers play a critical role in fostering a supportive learning environment for students who stutter. In this guide, we’ll explore actionable strategies educators can implement to create a welcoming and empowering classroom where students who stutter can thrive. Understanding Stuttering in the Classroom What Is Stuttering? Stuttering is a communication difference characterized by involuntary disruptions in speech, such as repetitions, prolongations, or blocks. While the exact cause of stuttering is complex and multifactorial, it is important to recognize that it is not a sign of cognitive impairment, nervousness, or lack of intelligence. How Stuttering Affects Students Students who stutter may experience: Anxiety about speaking in front of peers. Fear of being interrupted or mocked. Hesitation to participate in class discussions. Frustration when struggling to communicate. By fostering a supportive environment, educators can help students who stutter feel confident and comfortable expressing themselves. Creating a Supportive Classroom Environment 1. Promote a Culture of Acceptance and Respect Educate the class about stuttering as an example of how we are different. Encourage students to be patient and listen attentively to their peers. Model more supportive language by focusing on what students say rather than how they say it. 2. Establish Safe and Encouraging Speaking Opportunities Allow students who stutter to choose their level of participation in oral activities. Provide alternative ways for students to express their knowledge, such as written responses, group discussions, or video presentations. Avoid putting students on the spot without warning. 3. Normalize Stuttering and Reduce Speaking Pressure Refrain from finishing students' sentences or offering corrections. Allow students to take their time when speaking. Acknowledge stuttering openly and positively if a student brings it up. Best Practices for Classroom Activities It’s important to find out what your students who stutter are comfortable with. Some want to continue participating fully in all required activities, while others appreciate and benefit from accommodations.  Reading Aloud Offer students the option to read aloud in smaller groups or one-on-one. Allow them to preview reading material before reading in front of the class. Provide alternatives, such as listening to an audiobook and discussing key points. Class Presentations Offer flexibility in how students present (such as prerecorded videos, group presentations, or written reflections). Encourage the use of visual aids to shift focus from speech fluency. Reinforce that communication is about sharing ideas, not perfect fluency. Group Discussions Encourage turn-taking to ensure that all students have a chance to speak. Foster a supportive atmosphere where everyone listens attentively. Normalize moments of stuttering by maintaining eye contact and responding naturally. Collaborating with Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) and Families Work with an SLP Partner with the school’s SLP to understand best practices for supporting students who stutter. Implement any recommendations from the SLP, such as modified speaking tasks or additional support strategies. Communicate with Families Engage parents or guardians to understand the student’s comfort level with speaking in class. Encourage an open dialogue about accommodations that may help the student thrive. Share positive feedback about the student’s participation and progress. Frequently Asked Questions About Supporting Students Who Stutter Should I ask a student if they want to talk about their stutter with the class? Only if the student expresses interest. Some students may feel comfortable discussing their stutter, while others may not. It’s important to respect their preference. How can I help a student who seems hesitant to participate? Offer choices in how they engage with class activities, such as written responses, smaller group discussions, or presenting in a way they feel comfortable. What should I do if another student interrupts or mocks a student who stutters? Address the situation immediately by reinforcing a culture of respect. Educate the class on the importance of listening and treating all students with kindness. Remind them that we are all different; this is one example.  Should I correct a student’s stutter or tell them to slow down? No. Correcting stuttering or instructing a student to "slow down" can increase pressure and frustration. Instead, listen patiently and supportively. Building a Classroom Where Every Voice Matters Creating a supportive classroom for students who stutter is about fostering confidence, self-expression, and respect. By implementing these strategies, educators can ensure that all students feel valued and heard regardless of how they communicate. For additional resources and support, visit the National Stuttering Association (NSA) at   WeStutter.org .

Supporting students who stutter requires understanding their communication differences and the challenges they may face in classroom settings. For students who stutter, reading aloud and other speaking tasks can bring additional considerations. Educators play a key role in fostering a learning environment where all students feel supported and valued. Understanding Stuttering in the Classroom Stuttering should not be confused with reading fluency challenges. While reading fluency relates to the ability to read text with accuracy, pacing, and expression, stuttering refers to natural variations in speech that involve repetitions, prolongations, or blocks. Recognizing this distinction helps educators provide appropriate support for students. Assessing Reading Fluency for Students Who Stutter Traditional oral reading assessments, such as words-correct-per-minute (WCPM), often focus on speed and fluency—elements that may not reflect a student’s actual reading ability when stuttering is present. To ensure fair assessment: Use Individual Assessments:  To reduce external pressure, conduct reading evaluations in a one-on-one setting rather than in front of peers. Differentiate Stuttering from Reading Challenges:  Pay close attention to reading patterns. Stuttering characteristics, such as repetitions or blocks, differ from reading errors. Collaborating with a speech-language pathologist (SLP) can provide valuable insight. Provide Alternative Assessments:  Consider silent reading evaluations or comprehension-based assessments that allow students to demonstrate their reading skills without emphasizing fluency. Creating a Supportive Classroom Environment To create a classroom that supports students who stutter: Avoid Penalizing for Stuttering:  Recognize that stuttering is a natural part of speech and does not reflect a student’s reading skills. Assessments should focus on comprehension and decoding rather than fluency alone. Encourage Open Communication:  Foster an environment where students feel comfortable discussing their communication preferences. A supportive atmosphere can ease speaking-related stress. Collaborate with Families and Specialists:  Work with parents and SLPs to create individualized support plans, such as IEPs or 504 plans, if the student and their family feel they would benefit from accommodations. Strategies for Differentiating Between Stuttering and Reading Challenges To effectively distinguish between stuttering and reading difficulties: Observe Speaking Patterns:  Notice how the student communicates in different contexts. Some students may experience more noticeable stuttering in high-pressure situations, such as reading aloud. Evaluate Reading Fluency in Low-Pressure Situations:  Consider how the student reads when relaxed versus during a structured assessment. Timed tests can sometimes increase anxiety, which may impact speech. Recognize Physical Cues:  Watch for signs of physical tension or effort during speaking, which may indicate moments of stuttering rather than difficulties with reading. Conclusion Supporting students who stutter involves recognizing their communication styles, offering fair assessments, and fostering a classroom culture of acceptance. By using appropriate strategies, collaborating with specialists, and promoting a supportive environment, educators can help students who stutter succeed academically while feeling empowered and supported. For more resources and guidance, visit the National Stuttering Association at   WeStutter.org  or contact info@WeStutter.org | (800) 937-8888.

The National Stuttering Association (NSA) has long been a leader in advocacy, education, and support for people who stutter (PWS). While raising awareness is crucial, we go further by transforming knowledge into meaningful action. But how exactly do we make a difference? From stuttering support groups and national conferences to workplace advocacy and research efforts, we are changing lives. This article will explore the key initiatives that drive this mission forward and their impact on PWS, their families, and professionals. Local Chapters: Building Community & Confidence One of our most impactful programs is its nationwide network of NSA Chapters. These groups provide a safe space for PWS to share experiences, practice speaking in a supportive environment, and connect with others who understand the stuttering experience.  Many PWS have reported that joining an NSA Chapter was the first time they ever met another person who stutters. Connecting with others facing similar challenges helps individuals reframe their perspective on stuttering and build self-acceptance. People who stutter are often isolated and don't know anyone else who stutters. When we meet another person who stutters, there is no guarantee that they want to talk about it. One of the most powerful things about NSA Chapter meetings is being able to share with others who understand. No longer alone! — John Raab NSA Connects: Virtual Support at Your Fingertips Recognizing that not everyone can attend in-person events, we created NSA Connects , a virtual program offering live webinars, discussion groups, and interactive workshops. NSA Connects provides nationwide access to support, offers targeted discussions on mental health, workplace challenges, and self-advocacy, and connects PWS, families, and professionals in a digital space.  NSA Connects has become a lifeline for many who may not have access to a local support group. People who stutter from all over the country can log in and instantly connect with a supportive community. I am not alone! Other people’s stories are a lot like mine. We all can help each other get through this. — Kevin Foley The NSA Chapters and online meetings have informed me about people who stutter of all ages and demographics. I have never collaborated in a discussion of this magnitude to a degree that stuttering is a part of who we are and should not be discounted as a negative in society. The NSA has contributed to a positive of well-being in my communication. — William Dunbar Annual Conference: A Life-Changing Experience 2025 Annual NSA Conference in Denver, CO Every year, we host our Annual Conference , which brings together hundreds of PWS, families, speech-language pathologists (SLPs), researchers, and advocates. This event encourages self-acceptance and personal growth by providing workshops on various topics, such as career success, and offers a sense of belonging and empowerment.  Attendees leave the conference feeling energized, understood, and supported. For many, it’s their first time seeing hundreds of people who stutter in one place. What an enlightening and inspiring conference! Emma was so happy those four days; it really put a skip in both of our steps. The conference felt like a giant hug of love and understanding. We’ll return every year and definitely connect with the NSA Chapters, parents group, and Sisters Who Stutter in the meantime.   — Lisa Vahradian  Thank you to all of those involved in the NSA. In particular, my thanks must go to the donors that fund the conference scholarships and the NSA for selecting my family as scholarship recipients. Unfortunately, I learned about the NSA and the Annual Conference late in the game and with recent medical bills, grad school expenses, and limited time to budget, I didn’t know how we would be able to make it happen for our family. That scholarship has forever changed our family. — Molly Porzel NSA’s Youth and Family Programs: Empowering the Next Generation Stuttering can be particularly challenging for children and teens, especially when faced with bullying, self-consciousness, or a lack of understanding from peers. Our Youth and Family Programs focus on empowering young people who stutter (and their parents) by providing education, support, and mentorship. Key Initiatives: NSA Kids & Teens Programs  – Specially designed events, meetups, and educational resources tailored for young PWS Family Days & Workshops  – Interactive sessions where parents and children learn strategies to navigate stuttering together Teen Advisory Council (TAC)  – A leadership program that gives teens who stutter a voice in shaping the NSA’s youth initiatives Young participants gain confidence and resilience, while parents receive guidance on how to support their child. Families leave these events with a renewed sense of hope. The NSA has completely changed Hayley’s life in more ways than I can imagine. For the first time, Hayley has no longer felt different and inferior, but rather unique and special. It was that mental shift — the shift from being seen not as a problem to be solved, but a person to be accepted. — Linsey Stuckey Workplace Advocacy: Supporting Professionals Who Stutter There’s no denying that navigating the professional world as a person who stutters comes with challenges, from job interviews to workplace communication. We provide Workplace Advocacy Resources to help PWS and employers foster inclusive work environments. Our key initiatives include workplace webinars and training, which educate employers, HR professionals, and employees on stuttering awareness and creating inclusive work environments. We also highlight career success stories, showcasing professionals who stutter thriving in their fields to inspire others. Additionally, our Full Disclosure series  features candid conversations about navigating stuttering in professional settings. These efforts have helped numerous PWS gain the confidence to advocate for themselves in job interviews, ask for accommodations, and pursue leadership roles. Many employers who participate in NSA training programs also develop more inclusive policies. My biggest takeaway is that I should utilize the resources from this great community instead of trying to do it alone. — Josh Jensen My life has transformed. The support from fellow NSA Chapter members has encouraged me to start with baby steps. I began by making phone calls and ordering food at drive-thrus, which later led me to working as a customer service/sales rep. That job required me to talk on the phone all day. I accepted being a PWS and I am no longer ashamed of my stuttering. — Tanya Banks Research & Advocacy: Driving Policy Change We are committed to advancing research on stuttering and advocating for policies that benefit PWS. We help shape the future of stuttering treatment, education, and public awareness through collaborations with researchers, universities, and policymakers. Here are a few of our key initiatives: Partnerships with speech and stuttering research institutions:  Supporting cutting-edge research on stuttering treatment and intervention Public awareness campaigns:  Advocating for greater representation of PWS in media, education, and healthcare Legislative advocacy:  Working with lawmakers to promote disability rights and workplace inclusion for PWS We have contributed to landmark research studies, helped pass workplace protection policies, and increased media representation of people who stutter in TV, film, and public discourse. Awareness Leads to Action We don’t just talk about stuttering; We actively create change through our programs and initiatives. From local support groups and national conferences to workplace advocacy and research collaborations, every effort is designed to empower, educate, and uplift the stuttering community. Are You Ready? Find an NSA Chapter Join the next Annual Conference Access workplace resources Donate to support our programs

The Importance of Understanding Stuttering Only about 1% of the population stutters, so you may not have taught students who stutter before. Stuttering is a communication disorder characterized by disruptions or disfluencies in speech. These disfluencies can vary significantly from person to person, and they can change from day to day. Stuttering is not caused by psychological or emotional factors and does not reflect a person's intelligence. A common misconception is that stuttering arises from nervousness. People who stutter do not stutter simply because they are anxious. However, anxiety can increase the frequency of stuttering moments. The way a student feels about their stuttering can impact their classroom participation. Therefore, having a supportive environment is crucial. Creating a Supportive Classroom Environment Model Acceptance and Understanding: Your students will look to you for guidance on how to respond to stuttering. Set the tone by showing that all communication styles are valued in your classroom. Minimize Interruptions: Allow students who stutter to complete their thoughts without interruptions. It might be tempting to finish sentences for them, but that can lead to discomfort and frustration. Practice Good Listening Skills: Maintain normal eye contact and show patience while listening. Focus on what the student is saying, not just how they are saying it. Avoid Unhelpful Advice: Well-meaning suggestions such as “slow down” or “take a breath” can be frustrating for those who stutter. Instead, give them the space to express themselves. Encourage Participation in a Low-Pressure Way: Time pressure can heighten anxiety. Give students extra time to respond during discussions. When reading aloud, consider random selection or volunteering instead of following a set order. Handling Bullying and Encouraging Inclusivity Address Bullying Proactively: Bullying can be a major concern for children who stutter. It’s essential to directly tackle any incidents of bullying or teasing and provide support. Create a Tolerant Classroom Atmosphere: A welcoming environment benefits all students, especially those who stutter. Foster a community where differences are valued, helping students feel accepted. Support Group Work and Collaborative Activities: Ensure that students who stutter can participate in group work. Monitor these small groups to guarantee that all voices are heard. Collaborating with Parents and Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) Communicate Regularly: Teachers, SLPs, and parents form a team dedicated to supporting students who stutter. Regular communication ensures everyone is aligned in their approach. Develop an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) or 504 Plan: Students who stutter may require an IEP or 504 plan for speech therapy services and accommodations to meet their specific needs. Promote Self-Advocacy: Encourage children who stutter to express their needs and advocate for themselves. This builds confidence and allows them to take charge of their communication. Some students find it helpful to present on stuttering in class, educating their peers and fostering a safe environment. Supporting Students Who Stutter Educators make a difference every day in their work. They can greatly impact all students, especially those who stutter. Creating a safe, accepting, and inclusive environment where participation is encouraged is vital to supporting a child who stutters. Teachers, SLPs, and parents can collaborate to help students build confidence, enhance their communication skills, and engage meaningfully in classroom activities. For additional resources and support, educators can reach out to the National Stuttering Association at WeStutter.org or contact info@WeStutter.org or (800) 937-8888.

Collaborating with the National Stuttering Association Stuttering, a verbal difference affecting the flow of speech. For those who stutter, the journey to confident communication can be challenging, but with the right support, significant progress is possible. One of the most crucial elements in this support system is the collaboration between Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) and the National Stuttering Association (NSA). This partnership plays a pivotal role in providing comprehensive care and fostering a supportive community for people who stutter. Holistic Support and Expertise The expertise of SLPs is greatly enhanced when they collaborate with the NSA, an organization dedicated to supporting people who stutter and educating the public about stuttering. The NSA offers a wealth of resources, including support groups, educational materials, and events that provide invaluable opportunities for learning and connection. By working together, SLPs and the NSA can ensure that people who stutter receive clinical and, emotional and social support. Collaborative goal-setting between the individuals and the SLP can lead to a successful outcome. Access to Resources and Continuing Education The field of speech-language pathology is dynamic landscape that is continuously emerging. The National Stuttering Association (NSA) plays a crucial role in spreading this evolving knowledge by organizing conferences and workshops that feature leading experts in stuttering research and therapy. In addition to events, the NSA offers a wealth of resources, including webinars, publications, and support networks, which SLPs can leverage to stay informed and enhance their practice. These resources provide SLPs with an environment to continually refine their skills, ensuring they can best serve their clients. Community and Peer Support One of the most significant benefits of the NSA is the sense of community it fosters among people who stutter. This supportive network can be a powerful complement to speech therapy. Individuals who stutter often find solace and encouragement in connecting with others who share similar experiences. Support groups and events organized by the NSA provide a safe space for people to share their stories, challenges, and successes. SLPs who encourage their clients to engage with the NSA community can help them build a strong support system, which is an asset while navigating the emotional and psychological aspects of stuttering. This peer support can enhance the therapeutic process, providing motivation and reducing feelings of isolation. Advocacy and Public Awareness The NSA plays a vital role in advocating for the rights and needs of people who stutter. Through public awareness campaigns, educational programs, and advocacy efforts, the NSA works to dispel myths and reduce the stigma associated with stuttering. SLPs can amplify these efforts by collaborating with the NSA, participating in advocacy initiatives, and educating their communities about stuttering. By joining forces, SLPs and the NSA can create a more inclusive society where individuals who stutter are understood and supported. This collaborative effort not only benefits those who stutter but also promotes a greater understanding of verbal differences among the public. Conclusion The collaboration between Speech-Language Pathologists and the National Stuttering Association is a powerful alliance that enhances the support available to people who stutter. By working together, SLPs and the NSA can provide comprehensive care that addresses the emotional and social aspects of stuttering. This partnership ensures that people who stutter receive the best possible support, empowering them to communicate confidently and live fulfilling lives. Through continued collaboration, ongoing education, and a shared commitment to advocacy, SLPs and the NSA can make a lasting impact on the lives of individuals who stutter and contribute to a more understanding and inclusive society.